Here are a few papers and resources that might be helpful:
El-Hakim, M. S., Abbas, A. M., & Hassanein, M. M. A. (2016). Arabic keyboard layouts: A comparative study. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 38(2), 163-172. Here are a few papers and resources that
by A. A. Al-Saeed, M. M. A. Hassanein, and A. M. Abbas (2019) 163-172. by A. A. Al-Saeed